Physics - Modern Physics - Quantum Mechanics - Angular momentum in quantum mechanics - Angular Momentum Cones

3D visualization of quantized angular momentum. Select quantum number l (0 to 4). Show: (1) Magnitude |L| = √(l(l+1))ℏ as a vector. (2) Allowed z-components: Lz = mₗℏ where mₗ = -l, -l+1, ..., l-1, l (2l+1 values). (3) 'Cones of uncertainty': L precesses around z-axis. The vector L lies on a cone of