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5 steps. Step 1 'Why Binary?': Computers use electrical switches: ON (1) or OFF (0). Just 2 states = base-2 (binary). Each digit is a BIT. 8 bits = 1 byte. 1 byte can represent 0-255 (2⁸ values). Step 2 'Place Values': Decimal: 10³, 10², 10¹, 10⁰ = 1000, 100, 10, 1. Binary: 2³, 2², 2¹, 2⁰ = 8, 4, 2,

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