Physics - Particle Physics - Fundamental forces and interactions - Force Comparison Tool
Interactive comparison of the 4 fundamental forces. Display table with adjustable detail: Force | Carrier | Relative Strength | Range | Acts on | Example. Strong: Gluon (8 types), 1 (reference), ~10⁻¹⁵ m, color-charged particles (quarks), holds nuclei together. EM: Photon, 1/137, infinite, electrica